•   No, varies with energy
  • At W^± energies (81 GeV) it is about 1/128.
  • At Planck mass/energies (10¹⁸ GeV) it may converge in value to the weak and strong coupling "constants".

•   Maybe varies with time.
  • -0.57(10)x10^-5 change to smaller alpha
    0.5 < z < 3.5.
  • Rb/Cs frequency comparison limit it to 4x10^-15/year.
    
  • Oklo natural reactor about 2 Gyr ago bounds change to 10^-17/year.

•   Could vary by location!

•   These all reveal fundamental and new physics.

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