Andrews University's Formatting Rules

For all Andrews University dissertations and theses, follow the formatting rules given below. (For projects and term papers, these same rules apply, although a 1-inch left margin is required instead of 1½ inches.)

1. Margins: The left margin is 1½ inches; all other margins are 1 inch. This is true for every page of the dissertation, including the appendix material. Some pages, because of the way the text falls, may have a bottom margin greater than 1 inch, but text may not extend below that 1-inch margin. The initial page of a chapter or a major section (such as table of contents, bibliography, etc.) begins 2 inches from the top of the page.

2. Indentation: Paragraphs are indented ½ inch. Block quotations are indented 1/4 inch and single spaced.

3. Justification: Use a ragged right margin rather than a justified one.

4. Font: Courier, Times New Roman, or a similar font is preferred in 12 point. A san serif font such as Ariel is not acceptable. Footnotes may be presented with the font size reduced, such as 10 or 11 point.

5. Italics: Italics is used for emphasis (very sparingly), for foreign words, and for indicating titles of journals or books in the text, footnotes, and bibliographies/reference lists. Underlining is no longer accepted.

6. Spacing: All text is double spaced, except block quotations, which are single spaced. Appendix material may be either. Reference lists/bibliographies are single spaced, but double spaced between entries.

Triple space before all subheads. If two subheads appear together with no intervening text, double space between them.

Quadruple space both above and beneath a table or figure.

Triple space between chapter number and chapter title.

Triple space between chapter title and whatever follows.

Double space two-line chapter titles.

Single space two-line subhead titles.

7. Page numbers: The new Andrews University rule is that all page numbers are centered at the bottom of the page. This is true as well for appendix material, which is numbered consecutively after the chapters of the dissertation. For appendix material containing xeroxed pages that are already numbered, insert numbers in the lower right-hand corner within square brackets.

For the preliminary pages, only the table of contents and those pages following it are numbered. Use lower case roman numerals at the bottom of the page. The table of contents begins with page iii. (If you include a dedication, it becomes page iii, and appears just before the table of contents, which now becomes page iv.) The pages that precede these (abstract, title page, approval page) are not paginated.

8. Subheads: The rules for subheads have been recently changed: Use only boldface and plain roman type for the five levels of subheads. Many students confuse "headings" with "subheads." The chapter number and the titles of chapters within dissertations are not a level 1 subhead. They are headings. Your subheads begin after that, starting with level 1, and act as a guide (or outline) to your chapter. You may choose to use levels 1, 3, and 4, or 1, 3, and 5, omitting level 2, if you desire. However, once you omit level 2, you cannot add it in later chapters.

9. Ellipses: Ellipsis points are used only in quoted material and have a space after each dot. See pp. 14, 15 of SBL handbook. When something is omitted within a quoted sentence, use three dots that look like this:

The book used to lie . . . on the table.

When the omission comes at the end of a complete sentence, use four dots that look like this:

The book used to lie on the table. . . . Now it's on the

chair.

The fourth dot is the period that completes the sentence, and, therefore, no space appears before it.

10. Preliminary pages: Follow precisely the sample style sheets at the back of AU Standards for Written Work (pp. 36-51). This includes the abstract, title page, approval page, table of contents, and lists of abbreviations, illustrations, and tables.