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Neoclassicism
If it was good enough for Raphael, its good enough for me.
Neoclassicism
- Sought a return to the artistic values of the renaissance.
- Narrowed the view of acceptable art practice.
- Painted primarily scenes based on Greek, Roman or Biblical subjects.
They did allow allegorical paintings, or perfected paintings of current life.
- Roman and Greek based art also had politically charged content
- Art served various functions: Prop up Wealty, inspire people to live
right, promote the church, but there was often a propagandic function.
Jaques-Louis David
- Official artist of the French Revolution
- Painted the heroes and martyrs of the French Revolution
- Designed public pageants, celebrations, and state funerals
- Propagandist for Napoleon
Several Propaganda Paintings
(slide) Oath of Horatii
(slide) Victors bring Brutus the Bodies of His Sons
(slide) Death of Socrates
(slide) Death of Marat
(slide) Bonaparte
(slide) Napolian on his horse
(slide) Napolean Crowning Himself Emporer
(slide) Madame Recamier
(slide) Madame de Verninac
(slide) Paris and Helen
Stuff we are skipping (sadly)
(slide) Romanticism: early 1800s - Goya
(slide) Goya
(slide) Gericault
(slide) Delacroix
(slide) Friedrich
(slide) Constable
More stuff we are skipping
(slide) Realism
(slide) Daumier
(slide) Courbet
Impressionism
- The first time the word Modern was applied to art
- The first time the WAY artists painted became as important as their
naturalistic painting skills
- The first era where artists had to compete with photographers
- Started as a reaction against the Salon
- Artists were interested in the immediacy of a single moment
Rules of the Salon
- Subjects should be Biblical, Classical, or support the values of society
- Artists must be able to paint in perspective, paint flesh, paint
cloth folds, and hide their brushstrokes
- Innovation and dependence on observation is discouraged in favor of
following traditions
The Salon: Boucher
(slide) Salon: Bouguereau
(slide) Salon: Cabanel
Edouard Manet: 1832-1883
- Impressionist
- Worked to reform the Salon
- Painted from life
- Painted modern life
- Influenced by photography
(slide) Olympia: 1863. Exhibited in the Salon of 1865
Claude Monet: 1840-1926
- Paints modern life
- Paints a single moment in light, color and shadow
- Communicates immediacy and the shimmering effects of light
- Is interested in the quality of paint itself
- When you go out to paint, try and forget what objects you have
before you, a tree, a house, a field or whatever. Merely think, here is a
little square of blue, here an oblong of pink, here a streak of yellow,
and paint it just as it looks to you, the exact color and shape, until it
gives your own nave impression of the scene before you. Claude Monet
- This school does away with two things: line, without which it is
impossible to reproduce any form, animate or inanimate, and color, which
gives the form the appearance of reality.
- Dirty three-quarters of a canvas with black and white, rub the rest
with yellow, dot it with red and blue blobs at random, and you will have
an impression of spring before which the initiates will swoon in ecstasy.
- Smear a panel with grey, plonk some black and yellow lines across it,
and the enlightened few, the visionaries, exclaim: Isn't that a perfect
impression of the bois de Meudon?
- " 'Impression - I was certain of it. I was just telling myself that,
since I was impressed, there had to be some impression in it . . . and
what freedom, what ease of workmanship! Wallpaper in its embryonic state
is more finished than that seascape.'
(slide) Rouen Catherdral: 1892
Berthe Morisot: 1841-1895
- Founding member of the impressionist movement
- Fought the control of the salon
- Brought themes of everyday female life into her work
- Painted from life, using heightened color
Pierre-Auguste Renoir: 1841-1919
- One of the original impressionists
- Fought the Salon
- Was interested in painting the earth as a paradise
- Influenced by photography
- Portrayed happy, middle-class modern life
- Why shouldnt art be pretty? There are enough unpleasant things in
the world.
-Renoir
Mary Cassatt: 1845-1926
- Impressionist: fought against the Salon
- Influenced by photography
- Painted scenes from everyday life
- American
- Painted close relationships
Edgar Degas: 1834-1917
- Founding member of the impressionist movement
- Very interested in photography, and creating a captured moment
- Painted reality by portraying awkward moments